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Bridgeman Footage: 2016 Anniversaries

Bridgeman Footage holds a wealth of clips of, and relating to, many of 2016's major anniversaries. Click through to discover history in motion... 

 

Bobo, a baby gorilla, is raised as one of the family, USA c.1952/ Bridgeman Footage
Bobo, a baby gorilla, is raised as one of the family, USA c.1952/ Bridgeman Footage

 

Exact Date Unknown

Birth of Bobo the Gorilla 1951 – 65 years

Bobo was a western lowland gorilla born in French Equatorial Africa in 1951. At two weeks old, he was captured by William "Gorilla Bill" Said after he killed the gorilla's mother, an acceptable and even admired practice at the time.

Months later, Bobo was adopted by the Lowman family and became a media attraction when word got out that the Lowmans were raising Bobo as if he were a human. When his size and strength became too much to handle the Lowmans sold him to the Woodland Park Zoo in Seattle in 1953. Bobo never forgot about the Lowmans', instantly recognizing any of them when they came to visit, until he died in 1968.

 

Allied troops pray, military funeral for the fallen. Normandy 1944 / Bridgeman Footage
Allied troops pray, military funeral for the fallen. Normandy 1944 / Bridgeman Footage

 

Taps became a standard component to U.S. military funerals in 1891 - 125 years

"Taps", a musical piece played by the U.S. military at dusk, is performed during flag ceremonies and funerals, generally on bugle or trumpet.

Captain John Tidball started the custom of playing taps at military funerals. In 1862 a corporal of Tidball’s Battery A died. Tidball wished to bury him with full military honours, but, for military reasons, he was refused permission to fire three guns over the grave. “The thought suggested itself to me to sound taps instead, which I did." The idea was taken up by others, until in a short time it was adopted by the entire army and is now looked upon as the most appropriate and touching part of a military funeral.  

 

Amy Johnson / Sir John Lavery / Bridgeman Footage
Amy Johnson / Sir John Lavery / Bridgeman Footage

 

January                    


Death of Amy Johnson - 75 years

On January 5th 1941, Amy Johnson, English aviator (or in the language of the '30s, "aviatrix") and first female pilot to fly alone from Britain to Australia, dies while piloting a ferry flight for the Air Transport Auxiliary during WWII. She was 37 years old.


Sir John Lavery dies - 75 years

Sir John Lavery, Irish portrait and landscape painter, dies on January 10, 1941 in County Kilkenny aged 84.

 

President Roosevelt / President Kennedy / Bridgeman Footage
President Roosevelt / President Kennedy / Bridgeman Footage

 

3rd Inauguration of President Roosevelt - 75 years

On the 20th January 1941, Franklin D Roosevelt is elected as President for the third time. He was a central figure in world events during the mid-20th century, leading the United States during a time of worldwide economic depression and war. 

 

John F. Kennedy begins his first term as president - 55 years

On 21st January 1961 John F. Kennedy, the youngest man ever to be elected as president of the United States, starts his new job after beating Republican Vice President Richard Nixon.

 

Concorde Supersonic Airplane / Bridgeman Footage
Concorde Supersonic Airplane / Bridgeman Footage

 

Concorde's first commercial flight - 40 years

London Heathrow to Bahrain, Flight BA300, 21st January 1976. Pilot: Captain Norman Todd.

Since this groundbreaking flight, British Airways Concorde went on to make just under 50,000 flights and flew more than 2.5m passengers supersonically. With a take off speed of 220 knots (250mph) and a cruising speed of 1350mph – more than twice the speed of sound - a typical London to New York crossing with Concorde would take less than three and a half hours as opposed to eight hours for a subsonic flight. In November 1986 a British Airways Concorde flew around the world, covering 28,238 miles in 29 hours, 59 minutes.

Bridgeman Footage is home to rare and exclusive colour footage of the 1969 maiden flights of the Concorde 001 and 002 in France and the UK respectively.

Hans Richter / Minoru Yamasaki / Bridgeman Footage

 

February               


Death of Hans Richter - 40 years

Hans Richter was a German painter, graphic artist, avant-gardist, film-experimenter and producer. He was born in Berlin on the 6 April 1888 into a well-to-do family and died in Minusio, near Locarno, Switzerland on the 1st February 1976.

 

Death of Minoru Yamasaki - 30 years

Yamasaki was one of the most prominent American architects of the 20th century, best known for designing the original World Trade Center in New York City and several other large-scale projects.  He died on 7th February 1986, in Michigan, United States.

HMS Dreadnought / Grant Wood / Bridgeman Footage

 

Launch of HMS Dreadnought - 110 years

HMS Dreadnought was a battleship of the Royal Navy that revolutionised naval power. She represented such a marked advance in naval technology that her name came to be associated with an entire generation of battleships, the "dreadnoughts", as well as the class of ships named after her. The generation of ships she made obsolete became known as "pre-dreadnoughts".  She was launched on the 10th February 1906.

 

Birth of Grant Wood - 125 Years

Grant Wood, American painter best known for his 'American Gothic' and work depicting the rural American mid-west, was born in Anamosa, Iowa, on the 13th February 1891.

 

The Battle of Verdun / Bridgeman Footage
The Battle of Verdun / Bridgeman Footage

 

Battle of Verdun – 100 years

The Battle of Verdun was fought from the 21st February – 18 December, 1916, during WWI on the Western Front between the German and French armies, on hills north of Verdun-sur-Meuse in north-eastern France.

It ended with the victory of the French army and it was the longest and one of the most costly battles in human history.
 

 

National parliament election in West Papua / Bridgeman Footage
National parliament election in West Papua / Bridgeman Footage

 

March

The national parliament is elected in West Papua by Indonesian people - 55 years

In 1949, the Netherlands formally accepted that its colonies in the East Indies would be ceded to Indonesia. But it made a strong point of excluding Papua from this deal. 

Committed to a vision of a new, independent nation emerging from that Papua colony, the Dutch administration in West Papua encouraged decolonising politics and supported the emergence of a small, educated group of indigenous leaders. This led to a national parliament election in March and formal declaration of independence on December 1, 1961.

 

Franz Marc - Dialectics No.7 Blue Fox/Red Fox / Ikono.tv / Bridgeman Footage
Franz Marc - Dialectics No.7 Blue Fox/Red Fox / Ikono.tv / Bridgeman Footage

 

Death of Franz Marc - 100 years

Franz Marc was a German painter and printmaker, one of the key figures of the German Expressionist movement and a founding member of Der Blaue Reiter. He died in France on March 4th 1916.

 

Iron Curtain, Cold War / Supermarine Spitfire / Bridgeman Footage
Iron Curtain, Cold War / Supermarine Spitfire / Bridgeman Footage

 

Winston Churchill gives his famous "Iron Curtain" speech - 70 years

On the 5th March 1946 former British Prime Minister Winston Churchill gives one of the most famous orations of the Cold War period. He condemns the Soviet Union's policies in Europe and declares, "From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across the continent." Churchill's speech is considered one of the opening volleys announcing the beginning of the Cold War.

 

Supermarine Spitfire, First flight - 80 years

The Supermarine Spitfire is a British single-seat fighter aircraft that was used by the Royal Air Force and other Allied countries during and after WWII. On 5th March 1936, the prototype (K5054) took off on its first flight from Eastleigh Aerodrome (later Southampton Airport). At the controls was Captain Joseph "Mutt" Summers, chief test pilot for Vickers, who is quoted as saying "Don't touch anything" on landing.

 

New Mexico c.1950. Georgia O'Keeffe at home and in her studio. / Film Images / Bridgeman Footage
New Mexico c.1950. Georgia O'Keeffe at home and in her studio. / Film Images / Bridgeman Footage

 

Death of Georgia O'Keeffe - 30 years

Georgia Totto O'Keeffe was an American painter of nature and the southwestern landscape. She was born near Green Bay, Wisconsin, on the 15th November 1887. She first came to the attention of the New York art community in 1916. She died on the 6th March 1986, in Santa Fe, New Mexico.

 

Remilitarization of the Rhineland / Bridgeman Footage
Remilitarization of the Rhineland / Bridgeman Footage

 

Remilitarisation of the Rhineland - 80 years

The remilitarisation of the Rhineland by the German Army took place on the 7th March, 1936, when German military forces entered the Rhineland. This was the first time since the end of World War I that German troops had been in this region, thus violating the terms of the Treaty of Versailles and the Locarno Treaties.

 

Albert Einstein / Bridgeman Footage
Albert Einstein / Bridgeman Footage

 

Albert Einstein publishes his general theory of relativity - 100 years

Albert Einstein completes his theory of gravitation, known as the general theory of relativity, on 25th November 1915. The theory is submitted to Annalen der Physik on 20th March 1916. The publisher Methuen & Co Ltd finally distribute the book in December 1916. The general theory of relativity is still central to our understanding of the universe. Einstein changed the political balance of power in the twentieth century, through his scientific foundation in the development of atomic energy. 

 

Josef Albers / Bridgeman Footage
Josef Albers / Bridgeman Footage

 

Death of Josef Albers - 40 years

Josef Albers, German-born American artist and educator whose work, both in Europe and in the United States, formed the basis of some of the most influential and far-reaching art education programs of the twentieth century, was born the 19 March 1888.

He died on the 25th March 1976, in  New Haven, Connecticut.

Max Ernst / Yuri Gagarin / Bridgeman Footage

 

April

Birth of Max Ernst - 125 years

Max Ernst, German artist and pioneer of the Dada and Surrealist movements, was born on the 2nd April 1891 in Brühl, Germany. Our 1974 footage is an affectionate profile of the life and work of 83-year-old surrealist painter, with many film and photographic illustrations.

 

Yuri Gagarin becomes the first human to enter space - 55 years

Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin was a Russian-Soviet pilot and cosmonaut. He was the first human to venture into outer space, when his Vostok spacecraft completed an orbit of the Earth on the 12th April 1961. Our footage shows the star visiting Manchester and London on his tour of the U.K. later that year.

 

Emil Nolde / Queen Elizabeth II /Bridgeman Footage
Emil Nolde / Queen Elizabeth II /Bridgeman Footage

 

Death of Emil Nolde - 60 years

Emil Nolde, German Danish painter and printmaker. He was one of the first Expressionists and a member of Die Brücke. He died the 13th April 1956.

 

Birth of Queen Elizabeth II - 90 years

Elizabeth Alexandra Mary, Her Majesty The Queen Elizabeth II was born on the 21st April 1926 and became Queen at the age of 25. She has reigned through more than five decades of enormous social change and development.

 

Miguel de Cervantes / William Shakespeare / Bridgeman Footage
Miguel de Cervantes / William Shakespeare / Bridgeman Footage

 

Death of Cervantes - 400 years

Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, better known as Cervantes, was a Spanish novelist, poet, and playwright. Author of The Ingenious Gentleman Don Quixote of La Mancha, he was born the 29th September 1547 and he died the 22nd April 1616 in Madrid.

 

Death of William Shakespeare - 400 years

William Shakespeare, the "Bard of Avon," was a poet, playwright, and actor. His works includes 38 plays, 154 sonnets and two long narrative poems. He died of unknown causes on the 23rd April 1616 in Stratford-upon-Avon where he was born 52 years before.

 

Chernobyl disaster / Bridgeman Footage
Chernobyl disaster / Bridgeman Footage

 

Chernobyl Disaster - 30 years

The Chernobyl Disaster was a catastrophic nuclear accident that occurred on the 26th April 1986 at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in Ukraine, which, at the time, was under the direct jurisdiction of the Soviet Union. The explosion released large quantities of radioactive particles into the atmosphere, which spread over much of the western USSR and Europe.

 

Empire State Building / Bridgeman Footage
Empire State Building / Bridgeman Footage

 

May

Official opening of the Empire State Building - 85 years

The Empire State Building was officially opened on the 1st May 1931 in dramatic fashion, when United States President Herbert Hoover turned on the building's lights, with the push of a button, from Washington, D.C.

 

Festival of Britain / Bridgeman Footage
Festival of Britain / Bridgeman Footage

 

Festival of Britain - 65 years

The Festival of Britain was a national exhibition held throughout the United Kingdom in the summer of 1951. It was organised by the government to give the British a feeling of recovery in the aftermath of war and to promote the British contribution to science, technology, industrial design, architecture and the arts.

The Festival's centrepiece was in London on the South Bank of the Thames. King George VI inaugurated the Festival of Britain and opened the Royal Festival Hall on London's South Bank on the 3rd May 1951.

Alan Bartlett "Al" Shepard / El Salvador Earthquake / Bridgeman Footage

 

First American to travel into space - 55 years

Alan Bartlett "Al" Shepard, Jr. was an American naval officer and aviator, test pilot, flag officer, one of the original NASA Mercury Seven astronauts, and businessman. On the 5th May 1961, he became the first American to travel into space in a suborbital flight after the Soviet Union had put Yuri Gagarin into orbit one month earlier.

 

Earthquake disaster in El Salvador - 65 years

The devastating El Salvador earthquake literally razed the city of Jucuapa in the Central American republic. The earth started to shake at 23.08 on the 6th May 1951, with an estimated magnitude of 6.2 M. Hundreds of people lost their lives and homes overnight.

 

Wedding of Regina Saxe-Meiningen  / David Ben-Gurion & Albert Einstein / Bridgeman Footage
Wedding of Regina Saxe-Meiningen / David Ben-Gurion & Albert Einstein / Bridgeman Footage

 

Wedding of Regina Saxe-Meiningen and Otto von Habsburg in France - 65 years

Princess Regina of Saxe-Meiningen was a member of the House of Wettin. On 10th May 1951 she married Otto von Habsburg, eldest son of Emperor Charles I of Austria (the last ruler of the Austro-Hungarian Empire ) and former crown prince, in the Church of the Cordeliers in Nancy, France. After her marriage she was called Archduchess Regina, Crown Princess of Austria, Hungary and Bohemia.

 

David Ben-Gurion Meets Albert Einstein - 65 years

The historical meeting happened on the 14th May 1951 at Princeton University between David Ben-Gurion, visiting Prime Minister of Israel, and Albert Einstein. Once the state of Israel was created in 1948, Einstein became a strong supporter of the nation. In 1952 Ben-Gurion offered Einstein the presidency of Israel, a ceremonial position. Einstein was flattered, but declined.

 

Amy Johnson / Bikini Atoll H-Bomb / Bridgeman Footage
Amy Johnson / Bikini Atoll H-Bomb / Bridgeman Footage

 

Amy Johnson returns home from her historic flight from England to South Africa - 80 years

Amy Johnson CBE, was a pioneering English aviator. Flying solo or with her husband, Jim Mollison, Johnson set numerous long-distance records during the 1930s. On the 15th May 1936 Amy Johnson arrives back in England after a record-breaking return flight to Cape Town.


Hydrogen Bomb Detonated Over Bikini Atoll - 60 years

An unholy radiance that outshines 500 suns blazes over the Pacific Atoll Bikini as America’s first H-Bomb is detonated 15,000 feet over the sea, after being dropped from a B-52 jet bomber on the 20th May 1956. The full story of the vast scientific armada that set off the H-bomb is shown, from earliest phases to the comprehensive observations made of the epochal blast.

 

Guglielmo Marconi / Josephine Baker / Bridgeman Footage
Guglielmo Marconi / Josephine Baker / Bridgeman Footage

 

June

Guglielmo Marconi applies for a patent for his invention of the radio - 120 years

Signor G.Marconi's Patent. No.12,039. Date of Application, 2nd June 1896. Accepted, 2nd July 1897. I, Guglielmo Marconi, of 71 Hereford Road, Bayswater, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows: Improvements In Transmitting Electrical Impulses And Signals, And In Apparatus Therefor. ( the radio)

 

Birth of Josephine Baker - 110 years

Josephine Baker was an American-born French dancer and actress known as "Black Pearl," "Bronze Venus" and "Creole Goddess". She was born on the 3rd June 1906, in St. Louis, Missouri. She was the first black woman to become a world-famous entertainer. Baker, who refused to perform for segregated audiences in America, is also noted for her contributions to the Civil Rights Movement.

 

Wilhelm II / Herbert Kitchener / Bridgeman Footage
Wilhelm II / Herbert Kitchener / Bridgeman Footage

 

Wilhelm II, the last German Emperor and King of Prussia, dies - 75 years

Wilhelm II or William II was the last German Emperor and King of Prussia, ruling the German Empire and the Kingdom of Prussia from 15 June 1888 to 9 November 1918. He died in exile in Doorn, Netherlands, on 3rd June 1941, aged 82.

 

Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener, dies - 100 years

Field Marshal Horatio Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener, was a senior British Army officer and colonial administrator who won fame for his imperial campaigns and later played a central role in the early part of World War I. He died halfway through the War, on the HMS Hampshire which hit a German U-boat mine, on the 5th June 1916.

 

Antoni Gaudí  / Mary Cassatt  / Bridgeman Footage
Antoni Gaudí / Mary Cassatt / Bridgeman Footage

 

Antoni Gaudí dies -  90 years

Antoni Gaudí i Cornet was a Spanish Catalan architect and practitioner of Catalan Modernism, who died on the 10th June 1926, in Barcelona, Spain. He left the famous Sagrada Familia unfinished.

 

Mary Cassatt dies - 90 years

Mary Stevenson Cassatt was an American painter and printmaker, celebrated amongst such male contemporaries as Edgar Degas and Gustav Caillebotte. Although described by Gustave Geffroy as one of the “trois grandes dames” of Impressionism, Cassatt worked against much of the general criticism received by female artists at the time. In 1915, despite her waning health and near blindness, she had eighteen works shown in an exhibition supporting the Suffrage movement. She died in France on the 14th June 1926.

 

Saxophones / Bridgeman Images
Saxophones / Bridgeman Images

 

Adolphe Sax patented the saxophone - 170 years

Antoine-Joseph "Adolphe" Sax was a Belgian musical instrument designer and musician who played the flute and clarinet, and is well known for having invented the saxophone. He also invented the saxotromba, saxhorn and saxtuba. He patented his sax invention on the 28th June 1846.

 

Agadir Crisis / Battle of the Somme / Bridgeman Footage

 

July

Agadir Crisis - 105 years

The Agadir Crisis (also called the Second Moroccan Crisis or the Panthersprung) was the international tension sparked by the deployment of a substantial force of French troops in Morocco in April 1911. Germany reacted by sending the gunboat Panther to the Moroccan port of Agadir, on 1st July 1911.

 

Battle of the Somme - 100 years

The Battle of the Somme, also known as the Somme Offensive, was a WWI battle fought by the armies of the British and French empires against the German Empire. It took place between 1st July and 18 November 1916 on both sides of the River Somme in France. The inconclusive battle was one of the largest of World War I, in which more than 1,000,000 men were wounded or killed, making it one of the bloodiest battles in human history.

 

 

Mercedes Benz / Yuri Gagarin in Manchester  / Bridgeman Footage
Mercedes Benz / Yuri Gagarin in Manchester / Bridgeman Footage

 

First car ever invented - 130 years

The Benz Patent-Motorwagen (or motorcar), built in 1886, is widely regarded as the first automobile. Benz officially unveiled his invention to the public on the 3rd July 1886, on the Ringstrasse (Ringstraße) in Mannheim, Germany.

 

Gagarin in Manchester - 55 years

Major Yuri Gagarin visited Manchester exactly three months after his historic space flight. It should be remembered that this was only the second stop outside the Soviet Bloc on what became a very long world tour. Gagarin had just visited Finland, and went on to visit many other countries. In contrast to some of the later visits, which concentrated on meeting Kings and Presidents, the visit to Manchester on the 12th July 1961 was deliberately organised to create a sense of solidarity between the workers of England and the Soviet Union.

Rembrandt statue ceremony / First Kiss on screen / Bridgeman Footage

 

Birth of Rembrandt - 410 years

Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn was a Dutch painter and etcher. He is generally considered one of the greatest painters and printmakers in European art and the most important in Dutch history. He was born on the 15th July 1606 in Leiden, Netherlands.

 

First on-screen kiss projected in West End Park, Ottawa - 120 years

The first romantic kiss on screen was shown on the 21st July 1896, in the film The Kiss. The kiss lasted 30 seconds and caused many to rail against decadence in the new medium of silent film.
The Edison catalogue advertised it like this "They get ready to kiss, begin to kiss, and kiss and kiss and kiss in a way that brings down the house every time."

 

Wedding of Prince Charles and Lady Diana / Bridgeman Footage
Wedding of Prince Charles and Lady Diana / Bridgeman Footage

 

Wedding of Prince Charles and Lady Diana - 35 years

The wedding of Charles Philip Arthur George, Prince of Wales, and Lady Diana Frances Spencer took place on the 29th July 1981 at St Paul's Cathedral in London. Their marriage was widely billed as a "fairytale wedding" and the "wedding of the century". It was watched by an estimated global TV audience of 750 million. The United Kingdom had a national holiday on that day to mark the wedding.

 

Summer Olympics in Berlin / Bridgeman Footage
Summer Olympics in Berlin / Bridgeman Footage

 

August

Berlin Olympics - 80 years

The 1936 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XI Olympiad, was held in 1936 in Berlin, Germany. It was offically opened on the 1st August by the Chancellor and Führer Adolf Hitler.

At these games, Jesse Owens won international fame with four gold medals: 100 meters, 200 meters, long jump, and 4x100 meter relay. He was the most successful athlete at the games and as such has been credited with "single-handedly crushing Hitler's myth of Aryan supremacy".

 

Red Hill Jr / Fidel Castro / Bridgeman Footage
Red Hill Jr / Fidel Castro / Bridgeman Footage

 

Red Hill Jr.'s fatal attempt to 'barrel ride' the Niagara falls - 65 years

Red Hill Jr constructed, with limited funds, “The Thing”, a series of heavy inner tubes shaped as a barrel. Launched from Ushers Creek, on the Canadian shore, Hill went over the Horseshoe Falls at 3:30 on the 5th August 1951. With his widowed mother, wife and daughter watching, “The Thing” resurfaced in pieces without Red Hill Jr. His lifeless and badly beaten body was discovered the next day. The death of Red Hill Jr. would prompt legislation making it illegal to perform stunts in the Niagara Park.

 

Birth of Fidel Castro - 90 years

Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz, Cuban politician and revolutionary who served as Prime Minister of Cuba from 1959 to 1976, and President from 1976 to 2008, was born on the 13th August 1926.

Berlin Wall / Atlantic Charter / Bridgeman Footage

 

Construction of the Berlin Wall begins - 55 years

The Berlin Wall was a barrier that divided Berlin from 1961 to 1989, constructed by the German Democratic Republic (GDR, East Germany) starting on the 13th August 1961, that completely cut off (by land) West Berlin from surrounding East Germany until it was opened in November 1989. Its demolition officially began on the 13th June 1990 and was completed in 1992.

 

World War II: Churchill and Roosevelt sign the Atlantic Charter - 75 years

The Atlantic Charter was a joint declaration released by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill on August 14th, 1941 following a meeting of the two heads of state in Newfoundland. It defined the Allied goals for the post-war world.

 

Bernarr MacFadden / Rudolph Valentino / Bridgeman Footage
Bernarr MacFadden / Rudolph Valentino / Bridgeman Footage

 

Bernarr MacFadden parachutes over the Hudson River on his 83rd birthday - 65 years

Bernarr MacFadden, the so called "father of physical culture", was an influential American proponent of physical culture: a combination of bodybuilding with nutritional and health theories. He also founded the long-running magazine publishing company Macfadden Publications. Aged 83, he parachutes over the Hudson River on the 16th August 1951.

 

Death of Rodolfo Valentino - 90 years

Rodolfo Alfonso Raffaello Pierre Filibert Guglielmi di Valentina d'Antonguolla, professionally known as Rudolph Valentino, was an Italian-born actor who starred in several well-known silent films. He was born on the 6th May 1895, Castellaneta, Italy and he died on the 23rd August 1926 in New York City.

 

Henry Moore / Bridgeman Footage
Henry Moore / Bridgeman Footage

 

Death Of Henry Moore - 30 years

Henry Spencer Moore the influencial sculptor and artist, was born on the 30th July 1898, in Castleford, England, and died the 31st August 1986 in Much Hadham.

 

Nuremberg Rally of Honour / Bridgeman Footage
Nuremberg Rally of Honour / Bridgeman Footage

 

September

Nuremberg Rally of Honour  - 80 years

The Nuremberg Rally was the annual rally of the Nazi Party in Germany, held from 1923 to 1938. They were large Nazi propaganda events, especially after Hitler's rise to power in 1933. These events were held at the Nazi party rally grounds in Nuremberg from 1933 to 1938 and are usually referred to in English as the "Nuremberg Rallies".

On the 8th September 1936 the 8th Party Congress was known as the "Rally of Honour" (Reichsparteitag der Ehre) and it celebrated the remilitarisation of the Rhineland in March 1936. This act, in the eyes of many Germans, constituted the restoration of the German honour.

 

Tanks in battle / Théodore Géricault / Bridgeman Footage
Tanks in battle / Théodore Géricault / Bridgeman Footage

 

WWI: tanks are used in battle for first time - 100 years

Great Britain produced about 2,600 tanks of various types during WWI, but the first tank to engage in battle was designated D1, a British Mark I Male (armed with naval cannon and machine guns), during the Battle of Flers-Courcelette - part of the wider Somme offensive - on the 15th September 1916.

 

Birth of Gericault - 225 years

Théodore Géricault, French painter and lithographer, known for The Raft of the Medusa, is born on the 26th September 1791 in Rouen, France.

 

King George V reviews the Australian troops on Salisbury Plain / Bridgeman Footage
King George V reviews the Australian troops on Salisbury Plain / Bridgeman Footage

 

King George V reviews the Australian troops on Salisbury Plain in 1916 - 100 years

King George V reviews Australian troops at the end of September 1916 on Salisbury Plain: foot soldiers, mounted cavalry, and bicycle infantry march past. He decorates the Australian heroes of Pozières in the presence of the Australian High Commissioner.

THE KING'S MESSAGE TO HIS ANZAC TROOPS

Officers, Non-commissioned Officers and Men:-"Today, I inspected for the first time in this country, Troops from my Dominions of Australia and New Zealand. (...). "I was particularly impressed by the soldierly appearance and physique of the men of the various units, while the warm-hearted greeting acceded to me on my departure touched me deeply". (...) Make good use of you time on Salisbury Plain and reinforce the fighting line with worthy successors to those who have made famous the name of A.N.Z.A.C.""I shall ever watch with interest your progress and well-being".

 

Thomas Edison / Bridgeman Footage
Thomas Edison / Bridgeman Footage

 

October

Death of Thomas Edison - 85 years

Thomas Alva Edison was an American inventor and businessman.

He developed many devices that greatly influenced life around the world, including the phonograph, the motion picture camera, and a long-lasting, practical electric light bulb. He died on the 18th October 1931 in New Jersey.

Bridgeman Footage is home to a broad selection of early Thomas Edison films.

 

The Hungarian Revolution / Bridgeman Footage
The Hungarian Revolution / Bridgeman Footage

 

Hungarian Revolution - 60 years

The Hungarian Revolution or Hungarian Uprising of 1956 was a spontaneous nationwide revolt against the government of the Hungarian People's Republic and its Soviet-imposed policies, lasting from 23rd October until 10th November 1956. Despite the failure of the uprising, it was highly influential and was the first major threat to Soviet control since the USSR's forces drove out the Nazis at the end of World War II and occupied Eastern Europe.

 

Black Panther Party /  The Suez Crisis / Bridgeman Footage
Black Panther Party / The Suez Crisis / Bridgeman Footage

 

Foundation of the Black Panther Party - 50 years

The originally named the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense, was a controversial African American party, founded on the 29th October 1966 in Oakland, California, by Huey P. Newton and Bobby Seale. The party's original purpose was to patrol African American neighbourhoods to protect residents from acts of police brutality. They believed that Martin Luther King had failed and wanted to instigate a "revelutionary war" to authority in defence of African-Americans, and all minority groups.

 

The Suez Crisis - 60 years

The Suez Crisis was an invasion of the Sinai Peninsula around the 29th October 1956 by Israel, followed by an invasion of the Suez Canal zone by the UK and France. The aims were to regain Western control of the Suez Canal and to remove Egyptian president Nasser from power. After the fighting had started, the United States, the Soviet Union, and the United Nations forced the three invaders to withdraw.

 

Alexander Calder / Sun Yat-Sen / Bridgeman Footage
Alexander Calder / Sun Yat-Sen / Bridgeman Footage

 

November

Death of Alexander Calder - 40 years

Alexander Calder, the American sculptor known as the originator of the mobile, a kinetic sculpture made with suspended components which move in response to air currents, died on the 11th November 1976 in New York. Bridgeman Footage represents a rare interview with the camera-shy Calder.

 

Birth of Sun Yat-Sen - 150 Years

Sun Yat-Sen, Chinese revolutionary and politician, 1st President of the Republic of China, was born on the 12th November 1866. This Frank Capra film, "Why We Fight" the sixth of the series, shows images of Dr. Sun Yat Sen the Chinese revolutionary,  and Father of The Nation. Sun's legacy resides in a political philosophy known as the Three Principals of the People: nationalism, democracy, and people's livelihood.

 

Man Ray / Bridgeman Footage
Man Ray / Bridgeman Footage

 

Death of Man Ray - 40 years

Man Ray, the American painter and photographer and significant contributor to the Dada and Surrealist movements, spent most of his career in France. He was born the 27th August 1890 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, but he died in Paris, on the 18th November 1976.

 

Marie TallChief / Bridgeman Footage
Marie TallChief / Bridgeman Footage

 

First American Indian prima ballerina - 70 years

When Balanchine co-founded The Ballet Society, which would later become the New York City Ballet, in 1946, Elizabeth Marie "Betty" TallChief became the company's first star and was considered America's first major prima ballerina. She was also the first Native American to hold the rank. The company's first performance was on the 20th November 1946.

 

Otto Dix / Bridgeman Footage
Otto Dix / Bridgeman Footage

 

December

Birth of Otto Dix - 125 years

Wilhelm Heinrich Otto Dix was a German painter and printmaker, famous for his ruthless and harshly realistic depictions of Weimar society and the brutality of war. He was born on the 2nd December 1891 in Gera (south of Leipzig).

 

Attack to Pearl Harbour and Manila / Bridgeman Footage
Attack to Pearl Harbour and Manila / Bridgeman Footage

 

Attack on Pearl Harbor - 75 years

The attack on Pearl Harbor was a surprise military strike conducted by the Imperial Japanese Navy against the United States naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, on the morning of 7th December 1941 (8 December in Japan). The attack led to the United States' entry into World War II.

 

Attack of Manila- 75 years

A second and less notorious surprise attack occurd the same day as Pearl Harbour's: the Japanese bombed Manila and the Phillipines on the 7th December 1941.

 

Battle of Magdhaba / Bridgeman Footage
Battle of Magdhaba / Bridgeman Footage

 

Battle of Magdhaba - 100 years

The Battle of Magdhaba (officially known by the British as the Affair of Magdhaba) took place on the 23rd December 1916 during the Defence of Egypt section of the Sinai and Palestine Campaign in WWI. The Anzac Mounted Division attacked an entrenched Ottoman Army garrison in the Sinai desert. This Egyptian Expeditionary Force (EEF) victory against the Ottoman Empire garrison also secured the town of El Arish after the Ottoman garrison withdrew.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Bridgeman has selected important and quirky historical anniversaries for which we can provide archive footage and images.

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